The purpose of aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps pretreatment and situation

The purpose of aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps pretreatment and situation

The purpose of aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps pretreatment and situation

The raw materials of secondary aluminum production factories are mostly aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps recovered through scraps recovery.

These scraps come from complex sources and come in different shapes, often entrained with some other metals and non-metals, with a wide range of composition changes and unclean surfaces.

If these materials are not removed before smelting, it will not only cause serious air taking of aluminum melting, produce defects such as gas porosity, and blowhole during the subsequent solidification process, but also make the composition and performance of the material unqualified.

In addition, a large number of harmful gases will be generated during production, which will seriously pollute the environment.

Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of recycled aluminum products and improve the economic efficiency of the factories, strict pretreatment must be performed on the waste aluminum before smelting.

The purpose of aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps pretreatment:

1. To remove other metals and non-metals contained in the scraps;

2. To classify aluminum scraps according to the alloy composition;

3. To remove the oil stains and coatings on the surface of the aluminum scraps;

4. To make aluminum scraps used most economically and reasonably.

Aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps pretreatment situation

Pretreatment process of aluminum scraps in some developing countries

Some developing countries’ aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps pretreatment processes as the following:

1. For the single variety or aluminum and aluminum alloy scraps with no other impurities, generally no complicated pretreatment is needed, but the bulk aluminum scrap need to be broken (sheared or other methods) into blocks with specifications that meet the requirements, baled the loose aluminum scraps into the block, and classified according to the type and composition of the scraps;

2. For high-grade aluminum scraps (including cast aluminum alloys, deformed aluminum alloys, and pure aluminum, etc.), large-scale secondary aluminum companies generally remove the inclusions such as soil and directly put them into the melting furnace. In small secondary aluminum companies, Generally, the cast aluminum alloy, deformed aluminum alloy, and pure aluminum are manually separated and then used separately;

3. For low-grade scraps, because of its complex composition (containing scrap steel, scrap copper, scrap lead and other metals and plastics, rubber, wood chips and other non-metallic inclusions), manual sorting is mainly used. First screen out the dirt and garbage, then pick out the non-metal and metal scraps.The sorted waste aluminum scrap is mixed, and generally no longer sorted.

The scraps material pretreatment technology is outdated, and simple manual sorting is still used.

The sorting tools are magnets, hammers Etc. Based on our experience, the labor intensity is high, the cost is high, and the sorting quality is poor.

Pretreatment process of aluminum scraps in developed countries

The technological research and application of aluminum scraps pretreatment in developed countries started earlier.

It has realized the mechanization and automation of aluminum scraps pretreatment, which can remove metal and non-metal impurities maximumly, improve production efficiency and sorting quality, and reduce production costs.

The pretreatment process used includes sorting, disassembly, baling, drying and oil removing and surface organic coating film removal.

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